All of the following helped in the effort to free Texas from Spanish rule EXCEPT: a. Rebels b. Pirates c. Joaquín Arredondo d. James Long

B. Pirates

Explanation:

The Efforts to free Texas from Spanish rule involved rebels which instigated the fight for freedom.

Joaquin Arredondo Was the military general who was in the charge of the army of Texas people involved in the fight against Spanish rule.

James Long Was a doctor who helped the people settle in the city of Texas by providing for their needs and the needs of the army.

The Pirates was known to work with the Spanish and helped them store the treasures they took from other cities.