After gaining independence, why did many African governments experience instability? 1) No groups were interested in taking control of the government. 2) Some governments were poorly planned and run by dishonest men. 3) People were spoiled by the benefits they had under colonialism. 4) Government leaders built schools and hospitals too quickly.

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why did the chinese require the portuguese to pay for goods in gold and silver when trading?

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portuguese goods were less valuable than chinese goods.

the chinese already had a surplus of portuguese goods.

the imperial government wanted to stockpile gold and silver.

portuguese and chinese currencies were not exchangeable.

this a history q n in ancient time, theres no money exchange. so ans is portuguese and chinese currencies were not exchangeable.