For Europe, the most positive result of the Congress of Vienna was that

It remade Europe after the downfall of French Emperor Napoleon I and tried to restore old boundaries as well as resizing the main powers so they could balance each other and remain at peace.

consider an orange peel: if you want to try and lay it flat, you have to stretch it, we know exactly how things are being stretched or squashed at any given point. we have many different map projections because each has different patterns of some projections can even preserve certain features of the earth without