BRAINLIEST! I NEED HELP PLEASE, THANKS! :) How have the powers of the Legislative and Judicial Branches changed since the writing of the Constitution? What was the stance of both the Federalists and Anti-Federalists at that time?

The Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of Supreme Court justices at six. Between then and 1869, Congress raised the number five times and lowered it twice. The increases generally happened as the country grew and Congress created new circuit courts and district courts.The Constitution of 1988 approved two distinct and contradictory sets of measures. On one hand, the constitutional delegates approved a series of measures that tended to strengthen Congress, recovering powers taken away from the legislature during the military period. On the other hand, the Constitution upheld the legislative powers granted to the executive during the authoritarian period. The new Constitution has not annulled the prerogatives that allowed the executive to control the legislative process during the military regime.

Therefore, there is an institutional continuity, little noted it must be said, between the authoritarian period and the present democratic one. As one would expect, this continuity affects legal output of the period studied. We show here that the executive branch, due to the legislative powers it possesses, commands the legislative process and in this way, undermines the strengthening of Congress as an autonomous power. The result is the atrophy of the legislative and the predominance of the executive, the main legislator

Explanation:

The Federalists felt that this addition wasn't necessary, because they believed that the Constitution as it stood only limited the government not the people. The Anti- Federalists claimed the Constitution gave the central government too much power, and without a Bill of Rights the people would be at risk of oppression.

The US government is divided into three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial, each having their own powers and responsiblities.

The Legislative Branch can be called The Law Maker, and consits of the U.S. Congress which is broken into the House and Senate. This branch originally held the power to write, deabte and pass laws on to the President for either approval or veto. Coining money, maintaining a military, declaring war on other countries and regulating interstate and foreign commerce are all priorities of Congress. They also have (but rarely use) the right to impeach the President and ammend the U.S. Consitiution, both of these fall under the checks and balances system. The powers of this branch have changed over the last two centuries in two major ways: Interpretation of Congress' role either outlined or not in the consitiution and the people's influence in pursuit for democracy. The Bill of Right's was the main outline for restriction of Federal government on people's rights and freedoms, which we as American's hold dear. The Interstate Commerce Clause of 1789, gave the power to regulate forgein commerce, Article I, Section 8: "The Congress shall have power . . . to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes." But, with this Congress took a more active role in this because the consitution basically didn't say they couldn't, take the passing of Environmental Laws for example, gave them more control over regulation of businesses. Big changes for social freedoms and rights include the civil rights acts and the change of the founding ideas of white men controlling the government.

The Judicial Branch of government's main role is to uphold the law, and is  known as the Supreme Court, which was the only judicial court required under the constitution. Like the other branches, the Judicial branch has evolved to a changing social and political climate in the US. The Supreme Court is the highest form of court in the federal government and its purpose is "to hold trials in cases involving ambassadors, public ministers, consuls, and states." This can be seen with the interpretation of the US Consitiution as a living document, that should change with the times. It has been ratified 27 times, most having been influenced by Judicial Review of the Supreme court. The Judiciary Act of 1789 did not specifically give the Judicial Branch under the Supreme Court the power to determine whether laws passed by Congress were valid under the Constitution. The Supreme Court, however, announced this power in the 1803 case of Marbury v. Madison, which is a monumental case in US history and also in the shift in power of the Judicial Branch. Lastly, a big change to this branch is the size of the Supreme Court, which was originally 6 Supreme Court Justices, 6 being an even number leads to the possibly of a hung outcome or 3-3. It has since been highered to 10 and lowered to 5, but is now at 9, which elimiates the possiblity of a tie. It should be noted that the seats on the Supreme Court are lifelong positions and must be appointed by the President and approved by the simple majority of the Senate.

The Federalists and Anti-Federalists held mostly opposite views during the writing of the Constitution. Federalists' held the ideal of a strong centeralized government under said document, and the Anti-Fed's were strongly against that idea, wanting the State governments to have more power and influence over the Federal. The Federalists were in favor of the ratification of the Consitiution and Anti-Federalists were against it. The Anti-Fed's were on the fence of ratification because there was no Bill of Rights or guarantee of the people's freedoms being protected, which the Federalist said were both protected and assumed in the constitution unless otherwise stated. Therefore, the passing of the ratification was huge for both sides, they eventually came to a compromise, the Anti-Fed's would get their Bill of Rights and ensure the protection of the people, if they voted in favor of ratification which was a win for the Federalists.

The two parties were divided by their regions as well, rural frontiersmen and farmers were the majority of the Anti-Federalist party and the more "industrial" coastal men made up the Federalists, they were more interested in Commerce and Business. Anti-Fed's were worried they would lose their voice in government issues if the state's had less power. They also wanted the State's to handle all court cases even if it involved the Federal Laws. So, the passing of the Judicial Act of 1789 was a huge win for the Federalists and equally huge blow to their rivial party

https://www.encyclopedia.com/politics/legal-and-political-magazines/changes-legislative-branch

https://www.encyclopedia.com/politics/legal-and-political-magazines/changes-judicial-branch

african american women made meaningful gains in the labor force and us armed forces as a result of the wartime labor shortage during the second world war, but these advances were sharply circumscribed by racial segregation, which was legal in all parts of the country, and virulent racism in the dominant culture. president franklin roosevelt’s signing of executive order 8802 in 1941 banned race discrimination in defense industries and civil service jobs. it was rarely enforced, however, and mostly ignored by employers until they were forced to hire nonwhites by exhaustion of the white labor supply. even then, war industries often filled their most menial and dangerous positions with black employees, frequently on night shifts and in janitorial slots. african american women suffered both racial and gender discrimination, so they had to fight very hard even to enter skilled spots on the production line in aircraft, shipyard work, and other well-paying war industries.

entrenched racist attitudes on the part of white employers and coworkers in the nation’s war-production centers hindered black women’s ability to gain employment in these unionized blue-collar jobs. when black people did get hired, they often were forced to use separate restrooms and to perform the lowest paid, most difficult work. sometimes their employment triggered hate strikes, which erupted periodically over the war, when white workers walked off the job over promotion or hiring of african americans into previously restricted departments and occupation categories. in 1943, for example, a baltimore western electric plant was forced to build separate toilet facilities for white and black workers when white women demanded them. barred from most service occupations like telephone operator, clerical worker (other than federal offices in washington, dc), or waitress at white restaurants, black women mainly found war jobs in dangerous industries such as munitions plants.

african american women

the difficulty for black women entering skilled production areas, retail and other service work, or transportation jobs during the 1940s is mirrored in their continuing dominance of the private market for maids. although during the war, the proportion of african american women who were working in domestic service fell dramatically, from 60 to 44 percent, domestic employment remained their primary occupation category throughout the war. even in the military, which they did enter as a support for black male soldiers in the segregated armed forces, black women had trouble escaping low-skilled assignments, and they were not allowed to take combat roles. six african american wacs, for example, were court-martialed at fort devens, massachusetts, when they refused to take custodial assignments. in her memoir of being the first african american to join the women’s army corps, charity adams earley mentions the common army practice of dividing into "white" and "colored" the jobs wacs were given, with the latter being menial and

japans americans

japanese americans in military during world war ii in world war ii for its size and length of service, japanese americans served in the u.s. armed to nisei veterans in general—"most of the others did extremely well in their work and lives.

explanation:

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