1. who first spoke of the “iron curtain”? (1 point)
• george keenan
• winston churchill
• joseph stalin
• harry truman

2. one goal of the marshall plan was to (1 point)
• make germany pay costs for all the destruction it had caused in europe.
• send troops to european countries fight communism.
• make european countries strong enough to start buying american goods.
• give europeans access to higher education in the united states.

3. in order to try to gain control over west berlin, the soviet union (1 point)
• set up a total blockade cutting off that section of the city.
• threatened the section of the city with troops and tanks.
• operated a massive airlift to bring in needed supplies.
• went to the united nations and demanded control of that section of the city.

4. in china’s civil war, the united states backed (1 point)
• the communists, led by jiang jieshi.
• the communists, led by mao zedong.
• the nationalists, led by mao zedong.
• the nationalists, led by jiang jieshi.

5. how did the american public view general macarthur after president truman fired him? (1
point)
• they still saw him as a hero.
• they thought he was a traitor.
• they were angry that he had miscalculated in the war.
• they thought he was too old to still be on active duty

1- The person that first spoke of the "iron curtain" was Winston Churchill, who used it to refer to the border, not only physical but also ideological, which divided Europe into two blocks after the Second World War.

2- One goal of the Marshall Plan was to make European countries strong enough to start buying American goods. The Marshall Plan was a US initiative to help Western Europe, in which Americans gave economic aid worth about $13 billion at the time for the reconstruction of those countries in Europe devastated after the Second World War. The plan was in operation for four years since 1948. The objectives of the United States were to rebuild those areas destroyed by the war, eliminate barriers to trade, modernize European industry and make the continent prosperous again; all these objectives were intended to prevent the spread of communism and to promote the trade of American goods once the European economies were recovered.

3- In order to try to gain control over West Berlin, the Soviet Union set up a total blockade cutting off that section of the city by building the Berlin Wall.

4- In China's civil war, the United States backed the Nationalists, led by Jiang Jieshi. The United States aided the nationalists with surpluses of their military supplies worth hundreds of millions of dollars and with the generous loan of hundreds of millions of military equipment.

5- After President Truman fired him, American public viewed General MacArthur as a hero. Upon his return from Korea, he was met with a massive popular adulation of his person, which raised the expectation that he could stand for the 1952 legislative elections as a candidate of the Republican Party of the United States.

the beginning of the iditarod trail sled dog race. the iditarod trail sled dog race first ran to nome in 1973.   the trail they used is today known as the iditarod trail, first surveyed by the alaska road commission in 1908 and now one of the national historic trails as so designated by the congress of the united states.

what inspired

the children of nome were dying in january 1925. infected with diphtheria, they wheezed and gasped for air, and every day brought a new case of the lethal respiratory disease. nome’s lone physician, dr. curtis welch, feared an epidemic that could put the entire village of 1,400 at risk. he ordered a quarantine but knew that only an antitoxin serum could ward off the fast-spreading disease.the nearest batch of the life-saving medicine, however, rested more than 1,000 miles away in anchorage. nome’s ice-choked harbor made sea transport impossible, and open-cockpit airplanes could not fly in alaska’s subzero temperatures. with the nearest train station nearly 700 miles away in nenana, canine power offered nome its best hope for a speedy delivery.sled dogs regularly beat alaska’s snowy trails to deliver mail, and the territory’s governor, scott c. bone, recruited the best drivers and dog teams to stage a round-the-clock relay to transport the serum from nenana to nome. on the night of january 27, 1925, a train whistle pierced nenana’s stillness as it arrived with the precious cargo—a 20-pound package of serum wrapped in protective fur. musher “wild bill” shannon tied the parcel to his sled. as he gave the signal, the paws of shannon’s nine malamutes pounded the snow-packed trail on the first steps of a 674-mile “great race of mercy” through rugged wilderness, across frozen waterways and over treeless tundra.even by alaskan standards, this winter night packed extra bite, with temperatures plummeting to 60 degrees below zero fahrenheit. although every second was precious as the number of confirmed cases in nome mounted, shannon knew he needed to control his speed. if his dogs ran too fast and breathed too deeply in such frigid conditions, they could frost their lungs and die of exposure. although shannon ran next to the sled to raise his own body temperature, he still developed hypothermia and frostbite on the 52-mile leg to tolovana before handing off the serum to the second dog team.

b) the confederacy had to pay all union war expenses.