¿Cuál es el sentido de que Platón hiciese una distinción entre la caverna y el mundo exterior?

the difference between perception and reasoning

Explanation:

The Spanish question can be translated into:

What is Plato´s purpose in making a distinction between the cave and the external world?

The answer is that Plato used the cave allegory in order to visualize the difference between perception (when you can only stare to a wall in a cave) and reasoning, which can lead to knowledge when you combine your perception with reason in the real world outside. Which is also known as empirical reasoning.  

england is crowded cold and polluted while north america was like the opposite