"Between 1974 and the end of the twentieth century, the number of new democracies (measured by the standard of having viable elections) that had been created was about"

a. 35

Explanation:

According to a different source, these are the options that come with this question:

a. 35

b. 50

c. 75

d. 100

During the 1970s and on, a new wave of democracy swept across Southern Europe. Many right-wing governments fell, followed by similar changes in regimes in Central and Eastern Europe during the 1980s. This was due to the countries transitioning from communism to liberal democracy. The level of democracy also increased and improved in regions such as Latin America, East and Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Overall, roughly 35 new democracies were established during this period.

the founder of the byzantine empire and its first emperor, constantine the great, moved the capital of the roman empire to the city of byzantium in 330 ce, and renamed it constantinople.

the byzantine empire (the eastern roman empire) was distinct from the western roman empire in several ways; most importantly, the byzantines were christians and spoke greek instead of latin.

constantine the great also legalized christianity, which had previously been persecuted in the roman empire. christianity would become a major element of byzantine culture.

constantinople became the largest city in the empire and a major commercial center, while the western roman empire fell in 476 ce.

as emperor, constantine enacted many administrative, financial, social, and military reforms to strengthen the empire. the government was restructured and civil and military authority separated. a new gold coin, the solidus, was introduced to combat inflation. it would become the standard for byzantine and european currencies for more than a thousand years. as the first roman emperor to claim conversion to christianity, constantine played an influential role in the development of christianity as the religion of the empire. in military matters, the roman army was reorganized to consist of mobile field units and garrison soldiers capable of countering internal threats and barbarian invasions. constantine pursued successful campaigns against the tribes on the roman frontiers—the franks, the alamanni, the goths, and the sarmatians, and even resettled territories abandoned by his predecessors during the turmoil of the previous century.