In this unit, you learned about ancient civilizations that existed in Asia and the Americas. What were the major achievements of each civilization? Of the achievements that you identified, which do you think had the biggest significance in world history? Why?

Achievements of each civilization:

Sumer - first recorded civilization in world history according to historians, first system of writing (cueniform script).

Ancient China - the four great inventions: paper, gunpowder, the compass, and the printing press.

Ancient Hindus Valley Civilization - first civilization to incorporate sanitation infraestructure in their cities.

Ancient Persia - first to develop a trade route that connected Asia, Europe and Africa. First to develop a postal service.

Inca Empire - terrace farming in a very steep geography.

Mayan Empire - great achievements in astronomy, including the famous Mayan calendar. Impressive Pyramids that rival those of Ancient Egypt.

Of the achievements that you identified, which do you think had the biggest significance in world history? Why?

All the achievements listed above are quite impressive, however, it is probable that the most influential achievement is Ancient China's four great inventions.

Paper and the printing press changed the writing industry. Gundpowder chaged war forever, making gundpowder weapons the most common choice for war. The compass also changed navigation systems.

These four inventions were groundbreaking.

true true true true that all

"a problem throughout latin america is widespread poverty. what can those countries improve? the higher the literacy rate" or "education, the lower the rate of poverty".

although the majority of the total population and the population   poor in latin america and the caribbean is in the centers   urban areas, in relative terms poverty remains a   rural phenomenon in the region. the incidence of poverty and   extreme poverty is much greater in rural areas than   in urban areas without going further, in 1997 more than half of the   rural households lived in poverty and about a third in   situation of extreme poverty. in addition, the difficult economic situation   of most of the countries in the region in the past   two years has surely deteriorated those figures. to the poor   of the rural areas of the region are raised at least   three basic problems: i); insufficient nutrition, poor health and   poor educational services; ii); scarce opportunities   productive employment in agriculture and non-agricultural activities;   and iii); low degree of organization to effectively promote   the rural interests. the number and variety of circumstances   that cause rural poverty, as well as heterogeneity   of conditions in which it occurs in different countries   and regions hinder the search for effective solutions and   efficient to raise the welfare of the rural population.  

the mechanisms to reduce poverty are   focuses on three types of important action possibilities and   complementary to generate or raise the income of the poor   of rural areas: one that is based on the growth of   agricultural sector; another that aims at sustainable use and conservation   of natural resources, and the last based on the importance   growing rural economic activities that   they develop outside the agricultural land. there are at least other   two possibilities for reducing rural poverty: the traditional migration to urban areas and assistance to   people who need income transfers to overcome   the poverty threshold or to have a minimum access to   social safety nets.