Imagine that you are writing about Nelson Mandela for a reader who is unfamiliar with him. Write a short essay (350–500 words) about Mandela, and place at least one of the quotations from part A in historical context. Be sure to cite the quotation within the text by using the citation given below the quotation in parentheses. Here are a few points to remember as you write: Include a few sentences introducing Mandela. Include a few sentences that provide the reader with basic historical background for the time and place in which Mandela lived. Identify some of the causes and effects in the story of Mandela's life. Use your research and one or more quotations from part A to place Mandela in historical context. Why was he important?

Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa. During his childhood, the Dutch descendants in the country ruled over the black population and segregated them from the white population. This segregation was known as apartheid. Mandela worked to promote equal rights. When he was in school, he was expelled because he led a student strike against apartheid and the bad conditions of schools for black students. He went on to complete his college degree by mail, and he later became a lawyer to prepare to fight for legal equality in South Africa.

Throughout his life, Mandela continued to lead strikes and other campaigns. The leaders in South Africa started to notice him. Eventually, they put him in prison with several other individuals. The life sentence and exile didn’t stop him from fighting. He worked with white leaders to look for ways to stop the violence that spread throughout South Africa and bring about peace to his country. Mandela wrote letters to his wife and daughter, which were read to the public. During his time in prison, leaders offered him a shortened sentence in exchange for renouncing his words and telling the population to stop the violence and follow the laws. He turned down the offer. Instead, he told the leaders that they had to do their part in ending the violence and bringing about peace. When he was finally released from prison in 1990, he was elected the first black president of South Africa.

Because of his work to seek equal rights for blacks and whites, Mandela was able to end the apartheid. When he became president, it was the first time that every adult living in South Africa was given the right to vote in the election. He continued to make policies to mend the relationships of people throughout the country and bring about equality for every citizen. On the day he was elected, he said, “Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world. Let freedom reign!” (speech at his presidential inauguration, Pretoria, South Africa, 1994).

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