Who owned the gold mines during the ancient Egyptian and Roman civilizations?

Mining in Egypt has had a long history that goes back to predynastic times. Egypt has substantial mineral resources, including 48 million tons of tantalite (fourth largest in the world), 50 million tons of coal, and an estimated 6.7 million ounces of gold in the Eastern Desert.

Another large source came with Julius Caesar's conquest of Britain. As the Roman Empire grew, the hunger for gold expanded too. Their victories got them gold from mines at Vercellae, the Rhine River, as well as from the Atlantic coast of Central Africa and parts of Egypt – indeed, from all over the world.the pharaoh

As 'Lord of the Two Lands' the pharaoh was the ruler of Upper and Lower Egypt. He owned all of the land, made laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt against foreigners. As 'High Priest of Every Temple', the pharaoh represented the gods on Earth.Ancient Egyptians believed that gold was an indestructible and heavenly metal. The sun god, Ra, was often referred to as a mountain of gold. The Royal Tomb was known as the "House of Gold". The pharaohs of the Old Kingdom were called the "Golden Horus".Giovanni Belzoni

In 1818, Giovanni Belzoni, an Italian circus owner, dug his way through Egypt, destroying everything in his way from Giza to Abu Simbel in his search for gold and monuments. He even sought one day to dismantle the third pyramid at Giza to see if it contained a burial chamber, but found the project too expensive.Most archaeologists believe that most of the gold came from mines along the Nile River, with some mines located as far as 800 miles south of Cairo. The Nile River carries gold all throughout. Much of Ancient Egypt's gold was sourced from this massive river.Gold was used for jewellery and was in great demand by the Romans; Gold was very important in trade as a means of exchange and for gold coins; There was a scarcity of gold across the Empire, but Britain had some.

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