A ideologia medieval depõe contra o trabalho, pois não era um “valor”, não havia nem palavra para designá-lo. Na cultura cristã, era instrumento de penitência, e o homem deveria trabalhar à semelhança de Deus. Ora, o trabalho de Deus é a criação. Portanto, toda profissão que não cria é má ou inferior, o que se confronta com os ofícios em gestação na época. LE GOFF, Jacques. Para uma outra Idade Média. No final da Idade Média, o crescimento das cidades e das atividades econômicas relacionadas ao espaço urbano trouxe novas indagações teológicas. Dentre os novos “ofícios em gestação na época” que foram considerados maus ou inferiores, encontra-se o A artesão, que apenas transforma objetos materiais extraídos da natureza. B monge, cuja atividade principal, a oração, não pode ser considerada criativa. C banqueiro, que se dedica ao empréstimo de dinheiro e cobra juros. D nobre, dedicado à guerra e, portanto, à destruição, e não à criação. E camponês, que apenas observa o trabalho realizado pela natureza.

many women had to remain at home while husbands found work.

explanation:

very positive impact on our industries in the west, sine they promoted settlement and increased the ways in which goods could be transported to market.  

the covenant that god made with abraham was a unilateral (one-sided) promise from god to abraham.   apart from anything abraham did, god was promising that he was going to bring about a great nation from abraham's offspring, and that the messiah (meaning "the anointed one") would come from abraham's descendants, as one through whom the whole world would receive favor from god.   as god promised abraham, "through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed" (genesis 22: 18).

the "new covenant" was announced by jesus of nazareth, who had asserted that he was the "son of david" (and descendant of abraham) that fulfilled those promises to abraham.   when jesus introduced the sacred meal that we now refer to as the lord's supper, as told his disciples in reference to the wine they drank, "this cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you" (luke 22: 20).   this "new covenant" through jesus was also a unilateral (one-sided) covenant.   he gave himself in sacrifice for all people, without conditions attached.   as his friend and apostle john later wrote, "he is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world" (1 john 2: 2).

so the covenant with abraham and the "new covenant" ushered in by jesus are, in essence, connected as one covenant -- because jesus was saying he was the one promised to abraham that fulfilled that covenant and brought blessing to the world.

the correct answer is b>