What led to the first permanent settlements

How does the pyramid of giza include art, science, math, or a need for infrastructure?

The globe, the book of mathematics, and the scientific instruments in this painting demonstrate the renaissance interest in

1. how did manifest destiny spur nation building in the u.s.? 2. how did the idea of “the nation” begin to change? 3. how were the unifications of germany and italy similar? 4. what problems did the austro-hungarian empire have? 5. what domestic issues did england and france have?