How did the contributions of these "Captains of Industry" or "Robber Barons" affect the United States?

But the progress made in the United States during the Gilded Age can’t be denied. As part of the Second Industrial Revolution, the country underwent an impressive economic expansion — led by the day’s larger-than-life figures of wealth and power. Much of this growth was courtesy of railroads — which now spanned from coast to coast — as well as factories, steel, and the coal mining industry.

Explanation:

b)

it created free trade throughout the colonial territories.

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explanation: