The English Bill of Rights, 1689: “That it is the right of the subjects to petition the King, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal…That the raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless it be with consent of parliament, is against law. That election of members of parliament ought to be free…”

the committing of terrorist acts in the perpetrator's own country against their fellow citizens.

to replace ineffective because   andrew jackson's spoil system was a deliberate policy after he became president to remove federal employees he considered to be political opponents and replace them with his own supporters.

the colonial period, since this was a time of mass immigration from a variety of people from europe.