How might the Americas have been different if the Spanish had not colonized there?

There are a couple of differences:

1) The Americas (especially Latin America), will not have Roman Catholic influences in the area, and will not have it as their state religion.

2) The land will keep most of it's natural wealth, though it may not be used in great quantities as before.

3) Population will not take a hit, and will continue to grow, as European diseases are not spread to them. However, if trading occurs between the north-eastern tribes all the way down to Central America, they will still be exposed to diseases carried by the French and British.

4) They may not be exposed to the usage of firearms as quickly, which may lead to their demise to their native enemies. Firearms, while they took very long to reload back then, was a symbol of power and was used more as a shock then as a weapon (until the mini-ball, repeater, and other upgrades to the rifle came).

5) The other way to look at it is that another European Power may take over those lands. The first of which is Portugal, whose lands were very near the Spanish territory. The next in line would be France, which borders the Spanish territories, and than Britain.

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the correct answer is "c: merchants" and "e. soldiers".

the song dynasty was known as the first government in the world to introduce paper currency. it was also the first chinese government which established a permanent standing navy. finally, the first compass was introduced during this period of government.

all of these innovations heavily affected commerce in a positive way. printed money dynamize commerce within the borders of the empire due to an easier way to quantify value during the trade. the introduction of the compass trade routes to be faster. finally, the introduction of a standing navy regulate trade routes.

regarding military affairs, gunpowder was created during this period. this was a tremendous improvement that was widely utilized by the military in order to innovate in the manufacturing of weapons.