Improvements to transportation have lowered the costs of shipping goods between countries.
reduced the number of tariffs on shipped products.
raised service fees on shipping goods between countries.
resulted in fewer safety regulations governing shipments.

i would say your answer would be the second option.

hope this !

`stare decisis is a legal doctrine that obligates courts to follow historical cases when making a ruling on a similar current or future case. stare decisis ensures that cases with identical facts be approached in the same way, unless overruled by the same court or a higher court such as the us supreme court. simply put, it binds courts to follow legal precedents set by previous decisions.

stare decisis is a latin term meaning "to stand by that which is decided".