How are the concepts of separation of powers and checks and balances related?

By allotting powers to different branches of government, the branches balance and check each other.

Explanation:

In giving the Legislative Branch, for instance, the power to draft and write laws, while still leaving the President as the final yes/no on any bill, the two branches check each other. In turn, the President is in charge of electing Judicial nominees but the Judicial Branch checks the others by having the power to rule laws and actions as constitutional or unconstitutional.

By giving different branches, different powers that must work together (seperation of powers) the system of checks and balances is created.

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