How did Portugal and Italian city-states affect travel and trade during the early modern period?

They had hundred of ships.

Explanation:

Portugal and Italian city-states affect travel and trade during the early modern period because the Portugal and Italian city-states had hundreds of ships that controlled the trade routes in the Mediterranean Sea. Silk, spices, and perfume were transported from Asia into these states and other goods from these states to the world. This trade enhances the economy of these states and make them wealthier.