Need help with the few questions

Which of the following was not a method used to keep african americans from voting after the civil war? a. white primaries b. literacy tests c. group imprisonment d. gerrymandering

Many scandinavians immigrated to the united states as a result of the homestead act of 1862, which offered land to independent farmers. this is an example of a push factor, because turmoil in scandinavia encouraged people to leave. push factor, because a new opportunity encouraged people to come to the us. pull factor, because turmoil in scandinavia encouraged people to leave. pull factor, because a new opportunity encouraged people to come to the us.

How were religious services different in the first great awakening than in previous generations?