what was the belief of those who opposed the formation of political parties? What was the belief of those who supported him?

Explanation:

In the early years of our republic, there was no shortage of Founders warning us against what they referred to as “factions” and “party spirit.” They feared that factional allegiance would lead to a partisanship that would place a party’s interests above the best interests of the country. You don’t say!

They were abundantly savvy and quite prescient about our natural instincts toward tribalism.

“There is nothing which I dread so much as a division of the republic into two great parties, each arranged under its leader, and concerting measures in opposition to each other. This, in my humble apprehension, is to be dreaded as the greatest political evil under our Constitution.”

That was John Adams in 1780.

The “greatest political evil” is pretty harsh indeed. And that’s exactly what happened, right? This Horrible Election of 2016 is a clear-cut example of how bad it can get.

the catholic church withhold people's access to the bible during the middle ages.

people could go to church and listen to the teachings, but it was absolutely forbidden to own and/or read the books of both the old and new testaments. it was also prohibited to translate the books (which where originally in biblical hebrew) to any other language.

this was done so the church could remain in control of what their teachings were and to enhance their importance and power, while also being able to judge people's actions through information that was unavailable for the general public.