How did Ancient Asian Empires successfully evolve from isolation into globally influential cultures?

Is there a passage that comes with this question or should i know this right off the bat, because if it is, i probably have short term memory loss or college is too stressful

True blindness may be caused by trauma to the eye, severe conjunctivitis due to  ibr (infectious bovine rhinoceros) or pink eye or other infections, leptospirosis, lead poisoning, selenium toxicity, fungal infections, vitamin a  deficiencies, rabies, vitamin b12 deficiency, neoplastic of the orbit or  conjunctiva, cataracts, congenital malformations, etc.