Which dynasty introduced the mandate of heaven

Zhou Dynasty

Explanation:

In 1046 BCE, the Shang Dynasty was overthrown at the Battle of Muye, and the Zhou Dynasty was established. The Zhou created the Mandate of Heaven: the idea that there could be only one legitimate ruler of China at a time, and that this ruler had the blessing of the gods. Hope this helps!!

it increase by 12% a year from 1812-1820

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