In 2012, as the United States sought a United Nations resolution supporting the ouster of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, the presidents of China and Russia issued a joint statement that is excerpted in the following quotation: "Both sides firmly oppose any attempt to resolve the Syrian crisis through foreign military intervention as well as promoting forced 'regime change' at the United Nations Security Council and other venues. . . ."

—Joint statement by Presidents Hu Jintao of China and Vladimir Putin of Russia, June 7, 2012

Which of the following would have to happen in order for the U. N. to pass a resolution supporting the ousting of Syrian President Assad?

A. Nothing additional would have to happen; the resolution could pass with just the votes of the United States, Britain, and France.
B. Only Russia would have to be convinced to change its position.
C. Both China and Russia would have to be convinced to change their positions.
D. Only China would have to be convinced to change its position.