How were 12th century italian communes governed?
a. like feudal states
b. by strong monarchs
c. with a form of democratic government
d. as a pure democracy with equal voting rights

the answer is b. hope this !

answer

explanation

the given equation is

we can rewrite this as:

let

then the equation becomes:

the factors of 8 that sum up to -9 are {-1,-8}

we split the middle term with these factors to obtain,

we factor by grouping to obtain:

apply the zero product property to get:

but

china is shifting toward specialization in industry and services and away from agriculture.

explanation:

mark brainliest

independent innovation during the abbasid caliphate