For each of the five civilizations you studied in this unit (Han, Gupta, Maya, Aztec, Inca), identify one development that you think is the most significant for each civilization. Then rank those five developments in importance from 1 to 5 (1 most important, 5 least important). While your opinion may play a role in your choice, your rankings should reflect sound reasoning. So, you should base your rankings on specific qualities such as the short- and long-term impact that each development had on other civilizations at the time or the degree of technological advancement and creativity that it demonstrates.

Be prepared to defend your choices and rankings. Again, your aim is to present supportable rankings. Discuss and question the rankings of your peers as well.

Rank 1: Han Civilization - Paper

Advances in technology influenced all aspects of Chinese life. Paper was invented in AD 105. Before that, books were usually written on silk. But the paper was cheaper, so books became more readily available. This helped spread education in China. The invention of paper also affected the Chinese government. Formerly, all government documents had been recorded on strips of wood.

I ranked this number 1 because this is the start of further great development. With the use of paper, education and the spread of ideas became faster and more far-reaching.

Rank 2: Maya Civilization - Calendar

The Maya developed a 260-day religious calendar, which consisted of thirteen 20-day months. A second 365-day solar calendar consisted of eighteen 20-day months, with a separate period of 5 days in the end. The two calendars were linked together like meshed gears so that any given day could be identified in both cycles.

I ranked this second because it is a very important development that also influenced succeeding civilizations.  Although they did originally invented the calendar, they perfected it. They also started to use this not only for religious purposes but also for political and economic means. This helped them become more developed and more powerful.

Rank 3: Aztec Civilization - Numbering System (Basic Geometry)

The Aztecs created a numbering system that allowed them to keep track of land holdings and measurements. Historians have also found evidence that the Aztecs used multiplication, division, and the basic features of the geometry. Through this, they also studied astronomy and created a calendar much like the Maya one.  

I ranked this third because this had become a basis for further development in geometry. Although this was also seen in other civilizations, this helped and influenced the civilizations that are within reach of the Aztecs.

Rank 4: Inca Civilization - Road Systems

Inca roads were more than just roads—they were engineering marvels. The Incas built roads across almost every kind of terrain imaginable: coasts, deserts, forests, grasslands, plains, and mountains. In doing so, they overcame the geography of their rugged empire. Although the Incas had no wheeled vehicles, they relied on their roads for transportation, communication, and government administration. The roads symbolized the power of the Inca government. Only government officials and the military were allowed to use the roads. As the network of roads expanded, it made the movement of armies more efficient.

I ranked this fourth because compared to the other developments, this did not last for a long time and did not impact much of the other civilizations. However, this is still an important development for the Incas because it helped them expand and became more powerful.

Rank 5: Gupta Civilization - Hindu Temples

Indian civilization flourished under the Gupta rulers. These rulers were Hindu, so Hinduism became India's major religion. The Gupta kings built many Hindu temples, some of which became models for later Indian architecture.

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This is for Plato. just about 2000 chars. It doesn't show up on the internet either. :)

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