During the early days if industrialization, many members of Congress believed that tariffs were necessary to A. to entice European consumers

B. increase the prices Europeans paid for Americans products

C. protect new industries

D. entice American consumers to buy European goods

E. prevent Marxism from spreading

C. protect new industries

Explanation:

Tariffs are charges to imported goods with the double aim of reducing imports and earning more income from them.

In the early days of industrialization, the U.S. lagged behind the more advanced European economies which meant that the Europeans could produce things cheaper than Americans and therefore sell cheaper as well.

Congress therefore believed that to protect new companies that were rising to meet the challenge they had to impose tariffs so that people would stop buying more imports and switch to the goods produced by the new industries.

2018 means 2018 ce or common era

there have been other eras too including bce, which included way more years.