How did the actions of some Catholic officials encourage the Protestant Reformation? A. Some officials were secretly supporting Martin Luther’s push for reforms.

B. Some officials were involved in simony, which caused people to seek reform.

C. Some officials disagreed with the way the pope handled Martin Luther’s proposals.

D. Some officials required people living on church lands to pay property taxes to the church.

explanation:

the addition to geographic boundaries that might have  kept the people of the huang river civilization from traveling to far distance region is that they had learned about the other river valley civilizations but feared contact would bring invasion.

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simplify brackets

8 - 2a - 7 = a + 40

simplify 8 - 2a - 7 to -2a + 1

-2a + 1 = a + 40

add 2a to both sides

1 = a + 40 + 2a

simplify a + 40 + 2a to 3a + 40

1 = 3a + 40

subtract 40 from both sides

1 - 40 = 3a

simplify 1 - 40 o -39

-39 = 3a

divide both sides by 3

-39/3 = a

simplify 39/3 to 13

-13 = a

switch sides

a = -13