The U. S. Army was unable to stop Native American raids in West Texas soon after the Civil War because

the answer is b.2008 and 2012 were presidential election years.

powers  are  denied  to the  national governmentin three distinct ways: some  powers, such as the  power  to levy duties on exports or prohibit the freedom of religion, speech, press, or assembly, are expressly  denied  to the  national government  in the  constitution.