What two European civilizations came into conflict with Islamic Empires in the early Post- Classic period?

In the mid-1800s, native americans who had lived in the westtraded their manufactured goods with settlers.were able to resist diseases carried by settlers.offered their services as guides to settlers.prevented settlers from moving onto their territory.

In a command economy, people are not free toa buy consumer goods.b work in factories.c make production or monetary choices.d receive an education.

What clause of the treaty of versailles in particular left the germans feeling like they were “stabbed in the back? ” by the victors?