PLEASE HELP! How did the Federal Reserve's tight monetary policy affect the economy?

Select one:
a. It reduced interest rates, which discouraged spending.
b. It reduced the money supply, which limited the amount of money in circulation.
c. It reduced the percentage required to buy stock on margin, which increased speculation.
d. It reduced the federal funds rate, which increased the amount banks held in reserve.

How did the war of 1812 contribute to an increase in u.s. manufacturing? a) the war provided more resources for factories to increase production. b) the war promoted trade between countries so that americans could focus on fighting. c) the war cut americans off from their previous supply of imported manufactured goods. d) the war limited transportation in america, making it necessary to import manufactured goods.