What role did (does) colonialism play in preventing the success of former colonies? What long-term impacts of colonization continue to challenge African and Asian nations that are fighting for independence in every sense of the word?

Trade flourished and markets expanded in the late 19th century but it also led to loss of freedom and livelihoods. . European conquests produced many painful economic, social and ecological changes through which the colonised societies were brought into the world economy.

Explanation:

The European colonization of Africa brought racism, civil unrest, and insatiable greed; all of which have had lasting impacts on Africa. Along with the power of owning vast amounts of land, white explorers brought an air of supremacy with them. In South Africa, racism took the form of apartheid and lasted until 1994.

i would think it's industries and hydroelectric power

a. competition with other nations.