How have ancient migrations impacted the spread of language and culture?

More recent and smaller migrations have further shaped the linguistic environments in which we live as well. ... These changes in the linguistic environment, studied by linguists as "contact linguistics" and by sociolinguists as "language ecology," result in changes in the languages themselves.

Explanation:

Language migrations can exert phonetic and sometimes grammatical changes onto a given language, sometimes diverging into separate language families (such as Proto-Germanic and Proto-Slavic, both of which were daughter families of the Proto-Indo-European language family).