Which one of these were not a reason for Westward Expansion?

1.the 80s' fashion for men was like a mixed bag that had skinny tights, leather pants, and jackets, parachute pants (or hammer pants), leg warmers, very short shorts, ripped and stone-washed denims, frilly puff-sleeved shirts, oddly striped shirts, skinny neck ties, hawaiian shirts, jams, nylon tracksuits in neon colors.

2.

3.colored tvs, malls, telephones

explanation:

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i know number 8 is something about only using 3/5 of the slave votes.

the american civil war was not caused   by slavery but by economic factors.

though both had similar roots, they both took these similar bases & formed it into their own way. both the byzantine empire and ancient roman have similar aspects, but each one made it unique. both the byzantine empire and ancient romans had roman influences which affected their culture