Why did industrialization accelerate after the Civil War?

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Improved production methods. The use of machines in manufacturing spread throughout American industry after the Civil War. With machines, workers could produce goods many times faster than they could by hand. The new large manufacturing firms hired hundreds, or even thousands, of workers.

Explanation:

Fossil Fuels, Steam Power, and the Rise of Manufacturing. Abundant fossil fuels, and the innovative machines they powered, launched an era of accelerated change that continues to transform human society. The Civil War used the advances of the Industrial Revolution to foster great changes in industrial and technological development. Both the North and the South made use of advances in railroad and riverine transportation. The Union, however, was far more advanced technologically than the Confederate states.