The Byzantines called themselves “Romanos”, or those who continued the traditions of the . It was led by rulers with . The Byzantine Empire was the dominant civilization in the , but after a millennium of rule it was extinguished by modern warfare.

roman empire , roman empire , dark ages

Explanation:

the protestant reformation's started in 1517, disturbing the religious and political order in europe´s catholic countries. the outcome was the european wars of religion prosecuted in europe in the 16th, 17th and part of the 18th century. nonetheless, uprisings, territorial disputes, and great power conflicts were also causes of the wars.  

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).