What were some of the challenges the newcomers faced as they started their new life's?

They faced hunger, disease and conflict with the natives.

Explanation:

I suppose you are referring to the new arrivals on US territory, the British who formed the Jamestown colonies. Well, they had a lot of difficulties when they arrived. For starters, they spent many days on the high seas, in terrible situations, diseases invaded and infected everyone. Most died before arriving in America and those who arrived were very weak.

Then the difficulties began at that time. The British achieved their goals of forming the first British colony in America, but they were very sick and had inadequate medical treatment, besides, food was scarce, land was not good for agriculture and they had a great famine. As if that were not enough, they had to face the natives, who did not accept losing their land and started numerous conflicts, which almost made the Jamestown colony a great failure.

for the 2 countries u can do china and america because america has a democratic government while china has a communist government.

a democracy is a government run by the people either by directly voting or indirectly by electing representatives. an oligarchy is a government run by a few or a small group of people. a democracy and oligarchy are similar because both in an oligarchy and an indirect democracy, a small group of induvial determine the laws for a large group of people they are different because in an oligarchy it is easier to control and they do not have to answer to a large number of people in the country, unlike a democracy where they do have to answer to a large number of people an county that is a democracy would be the united states. a country that is an oligarchy would be the china.