The Crusades had little lasting impact on Southwest Asia, except to a. establish Christianity in the Arab nations.
b. divide the Muslims into the Shiites and the Sunnis.
create a spirit of brotherhood between the Byzantines and the Muslims.
d. breed centuries of mistrust between Muslims and Christians.
C.

d is the answer

in contrast, the biological controls are self-sustaining, inexpensive and very effective once established. biological control could be used on thousands of golf course acres, improving their biodiversity and quality as wildlife habitat. in the process, the golf industry will be shown to be leaders in an environmental stewardship program of benefit not only to the lands they manage but also to the watersheds in which they exist.

it's lower nubia : ) good luck