The pays local governments to implement state programs.
a.
local government
b.
state government
c.
national government
d.
all of the above

It is b state government I put what this other guy said and got it wrong

B. State government.

Ideally, all governmental sectors should generate their own revenue to run all of their programs. But occasionally, when a higher sector (e.g. the State governments) issues a program to be applied by the lower sectors (e.g. Local governments), it's a common practice for the higher sphere to aid the lower financially, in order to do so.

president thomas jefferson hoped that the embargo act of 1807 would the united states by demonstrating to britain and france their dependence on american goods, convincing them to respect american neutrality and stop impressing american seamen. instead, the act had a devastating effect on american trade.