What happens during opening statements in a criminal court case?
the lawyers summarize the facts and explain what they intend to prove.
the judge and the lawyers ask questions to see if the jurors are impartial.
the jurors discuss the case and decide if the defendant is guilty or not guilty.
the judge decides the proper punishment based on the verdict from the trial.

During opening statements in a criminal court case, lawyers summarize the facts and explain what they intend to prove.

Explanation:

In the opening statements, the lawyers of the parties (the defendant and the prosecutor, respectively) present their case, that is, the facts that support the accusation and defense, as well as the rights that protect each of the parties in conflict. In this way, the jury is introduced to the facts in question, informing this of the controversial situation, and initiating the presentation of evidence that will support the accusation and the alibi, respectively.

answer: karl marx, max weber, and emile durkheim (the fourth could be considered georg simmel)

explanation:

ghana achieved independence peacefully, while algeria gained independence through an armed struggle.