How did men such as j. p morgan and john d. rockefeller amass their huge fortunes

Rockefeller worked in the oil industry, while Morgan was a banker.

This concept of fate became the new meaning of "ming." so the idea of "tian ming," the mandate of heaven, was first used by the kings of the  zhou dynasty,  who  justified their overthrow of the shang by saying that heaven had punished the shang for immorality and transferred its favor to the  zhou.