The group in the roman government responsible for interpreting laws and judging cases was called

Praetor

Explanation:

In ancient Rome, a Praetor was an elected magistrate, ranked below a consul, that had chiefly judicial functions such as the interpretation of laws and judging cases, and whom since 67 bc approximately, became bound by law to follow an edict that guided his procedures. This elected magistrate was also responsible for the production of the public games and for performing consuls' duties they were absent, among many other tasks that varied through time.

he sent troops to protect the students as they entered the school.

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