Why was it difficult for the ottomans to capture constantinople?
a. the city was surrounded by territory controlled by the byzantine empire, making it hard for the ottomans to enter the city.
b. the city was surrounded by water on three sides and heavily protected with stone walls, making it hard to penetrate.
c. the byzantine empire had an army that was considerably larger than the ottoman army, making it difficult to conquer.
d. the ottomans did not have access to heavy artillery, making it impossible to break through the city's walls.

a.The city was surrounded by territory controlled by the Byzantine Empire, making it hard for the Ottomans to enter the city.

Explanation:

The Ottoman Empire began as one of the small Turkish states that emerged in Asia Minor during the decline of the Seljuk Empire. The Ottoman Turks gradually controlled the other Turkish states, survived the Mongol invasions and under the reign of Mehmed II (1451-1481) ended what was left of the Byzantine Empire. The first phase of the Ottoman expansion took place under the rule of Osman I (1288-1326) and continued in the reigns of Orkhan, Murad I and Beyazid I, at the expense of the territories of the Byzantine Empire, Bulgaria and Serbia. Bursa fell under his rule in 1326 and Adrianople in 1361. Ottoman victories in the Balkans alerted Western Europe about the danger that this Empire represented and were the central motive for the organization of the Hungarian Crusade of Sigismund. The site that the Ottomans put in Constantinople was broken thanks to Timur, leader of the Mongols, who took Beyazid prisoner in 1402, but Mongol control over the Ottomans lasted very little. Finally, the Ottoman Empire managed to conquer Constantinople in 1453.

the answers are 1 and 4

- "the civil rights movements"

- "following the american civil war and abolition of slavery, the united states entered a period known as reconstruction, during which black americans continued to suffer from disenfranchisement, racial segregation, and economic oppression. beginning in the early 1950's, black americans launched a series of major campaigns of civil resistance, emphasizing the need for nonviolent protests and civil disobedience."

"such as the montgomery bus boycott of 1955-56, a campaign launched by rosa parks against the policy of racial segregation of the public transit system in alabama. “sit-ins” became popular across the american south, particularly in greensboro, north carolina, increase national sentiment."

- "the counterculture movement"

- "counterculture began to develop in the united states following the rise of conformity in american culture during the 1950s. by 1963, youth, particularly those of the white middle class, began rejecting the cultural standards and normality of their parents, opting for progressive attitudes instead. the movement gained momentum as the civil rights movement became increasingly successful and as the u.s. military intervention of vietnam began to take a negative turn."

"hippie counterculture moved further into popular culture following the summer of love in 1967 when thousands of people came together in the haight-ashbury neighborhood of san francisco. along with greenwich village in new york city, haight-ashbury became a hub for the counterculture movement."