Differing interpretations of the bible by christians in europe eventually led to
the reformation.
the hundred years’ war.
the black plague.
the italian wars.

The answer is: the Reformation.

The Reformation, which began in the 16th century, resulted in the birth of different Protestant and other forms of Christian ideologies, and it was the product of many historical events, but perhaps the most relevant ones were the different theological interpretations of the bible revolving around the notions of salvation, sin, predestination, iconography, and even the role of the Papacy.  

both are true, the congress does have the power to create banks, even if this power is not specifically described in the constitution, since there is nothing restricting it and there is power given to the congress to make "all laws which shall be necessary and proper". maryland was not allowed to tax a branch of the national bank operating there, and the supreme court decided that no state could. both of these topics were discussed in a decision of the mcculloch v. maryland case in 1819.