Who, what, when, where, and why are elements of

a.)nature
b.)a long novel
c.)historic events

   C) Historic events

Explanation:  Known as the five Ws questions along with the "How" question, they address the basic starting points with every relevant fact-based research. Responding to these questions during research that can also be about a historical event, all the necessary elements for mosaic matching about a historically true factual event are obtained. These questions are also relevant in journalism, police research, so when the true events are in question. A long novel can have fictitious characters and events, so these questions are superfluous because artistic freedom in creating fictitious events does not have to be based on answers to five Ws questions.

b: the establishment clause  

b: socialism  

the right answer is d