We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
which of the following actions was most likely influenced by the ideas expressed in the passage?
a. politicians in saint-domingue refusing to grant citizenship to people of african descent
b. napoleon bonaparte sending troops to defeat toussaint louverture
c. french aristocrats importing african slaves to work on haitian plantations
d. affranchis and african slaves rebelling against french rule in saint-domingue

D.Affranchis and African slaves rebelling against French rule in Saint-Domingue

Explanation:

On August 14, 1791, a key event took place in the history of the island, as there was a ceremony in Bois-Cayman by the Jamaican Dutty Boukman, the Houngan or voodoo spiritual leader, this being the starting point for a great change in attitude that caused days later, on the night of August 22, a great rebellion of slaves, thus initiating the Haitian Revolution. Dutty Boukman, and a large number of slaves were sworn in to get rid of slavery, quickly reaching the figure of 40,000 ex-slaves. The group formed a council or senior staff that deliberated the decisions and coordinated the different rebel groups. Several black leaders commanded armies of black volunteers, George Biassou a former slave at that time of fifty years, was one of them and went on to quickly assume the staff of the rebel leadership along with also black leader Jean Francois, one of the chiefs more important The long emancipation process finally had as its main protagonist the black slave François Dominique Toussaint-Louverture. His real name was Toussaint de Breda. Born in Cape French, he was a freed slave on the Breda plantation, when in 1791 he joined the slave revolt led by Boukman in the French part of Hispaniola. In November of 1791, the uprising continued but with tens of thousands of African-Americans. When the rebel leader Dutty Boukman died, Toussaint-Louverture became one of the leaders of the insurgent movement.

patriotism is when people have love and devotion for their country.

explanation:

yes

explanation:

the fighting words doctrine, in united states constitutional law, is a limitation to freedom of speech as protected by the first amendment to the united states constitution. in 1942, the u.s. supreme court established the doctrine by a 9–0 decision in chaplinsky v. new hampshire.