1. what is a characteristic of a nation?

a multiethnic population
a self-governing territory
a shared sense of identity
a monarchy

2. how did nation-states differ from empires?

nation-states were formed when monarchs consolidated their power.
a nation-state shares common characteristics, such as language, culture, and history.
nation-states are multicultural, multiethnic populations, whereas empires are not.
international migration of people changes the cultural makeup of many nation-states.

3. which of the following revolutions ended in communism?

french revolution of 1789
overthrow of the manchu dynasty
shah pahlavi was ousted
u. s.-backed fulgencio batista was ousted