As a result of the missouri compromise,

maine entered the union as a slave state and missouri entered as a free state.
maine entered the union as a free state and missouri entered as a slave state.
both maine and missouri entered the union as slave states.
both maine and missouri entered the union as free states.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts