Give the advantages and disadvantages of nationalism and military preparedness.

Nationalism is a political, social, and economic ideology that is based on the promotion of the interests of a certain nation. Nationalism alleges that each nation should be able to govern itself and be free from any external interference from foreign powers.

An advantage of nationalism is that it aims to preserve a nation's culture and traditions. Things that many countries are losing nowadays as a product of globalization. It was also the driving force behind independentist movements in many regions throughout the world.

A disadvantage of Nationalism is that, combined with religious beliefs or ethnical backgrounds, may lead to prejudice towards other populations. This is particularly dangerous as it could be a leading cause of war.

from the religious point of view, the conflicts began because of the enmity between catholic and protestants. in 1649, at the insistence of baltimore, the colonial assembly approved the act of religious tolerance, the first law in the colonies granting freedom of worship, though only for christians. in 1654, however, with the protestants of maryland in the majority, the act was revoked. the almost civil war broke out and order was not restored until 1658, when lord baltimore was returned to power.

on the issue of class conflict, the chesapeake region offered few economic opportunities to contract employees who had served their term of obligation. even with the small amount of capital needed to grow tobacco, former hired servants at best became subsistence farmers, a mature class for those called to rebellion, such as those proposed by nathaniel bacon. as the number of new hired workers declined because of limited chances of progress and reports of severe treatment, they were replaced by african slaves.

from the racial point of view, after 1660, the chesapeake colonies imposed laws that defined slavery as a lifelong and hereditary condition based on race. this made slaves profitable because planters could rely not only on their work but also on their children. the slave population, which numbered four thousand in virginia and maryland in 1675, grew significantly by the end of the century.