Besides cultivating liberty gardens, how did american women contribute to the united states' war efforts during world war i?

They went to work in war-related industries to fill in for the men who were away at war.

Explanation:

During World War I, women living in the countries involved in the conflict suffered the consequences. While men were rushing to the battlefield, middle- and upper-class women went to work outside the home.

In the countryside women were responsible for agricultural production and animal husbandry. Those who lived in cities were working with transport, driving buses and trucks, and also in industries, including war.  Many women also went to the battlefield to work as nurses, cooks, ambulance drivers and so on. Even though the war brought anguish and suffering, it provided many achievements that contributed to female emancipation. In several countries, for example, they have been able to consolidate themselves as professionals and have gained financial independence.

the answer is a) james madison.