The believe the caliph should always be elected, not conferred by heredity.

Sunni is the correct answer

Explanation:

The Shias and Sunnis are both sects of Islam, they are different from each other due to religious beliefs. These differences in religious beliefs also cause conflicts among the Shia and Sunni majority nations around the world. Both  the Shias and Sunnis are the religious denominations of Islam. The Sunnis believe that there was no rightful heir to Muhammad and a religious leader must be created through election.they also believe that Muhammad's followers chose Abu Bakr as his successor. While the Shiites believe that there is only one God(Allah) and only he can select the religious leaders. All the successors should be the direct descendants of Muhammad's family.

it further strained relations between the north and the south and convinced

the answer is c     : )

explanation:

i don't have an explanation because i don't know, but i think the answer is c because i googled it and google is right : ) just kidding google isn't allways right but the answer is still c. i hope this !